Paediatrics is the medical specialism that studies children and their illnesses, but its content matter is much greater than the curing of illnesses in children, as paediatrics studies both healthy and sick children. This specialism encompasses all stages from birth to adolescence. Several stages can be distinguished: newborn, breastfeeding, toddler, school years and adolescence.
One of the fundamental objectives of the Paediatrics department is to achieve a balance between the care to cure illnesses and the well-being of the patient which, as is understood, has unique characteristics in the case of children: The interruption of their daily life should be kept at a minimum, ensuring that their stay in hospital is the least traumatic possible, promoting the presence of the family and an environment adapted to the needs of children.
Our vision of children's hospital care is based on a modern and distinguished concept, focusing care on the outpatient area and on direct connection with the primary private care, which has excellently d an organisational structure in which the preventive aspect of care for healthy children features prominently (our own Milenium clinics). The management of children with illnesses is performed by the paediatricians working seamlessly as a team with the children admitted or who are receiving outpatient treatment.
The most important values of the department are its professionals, a high quality human team, experience and the fact that it enjoys working as a team to achieve what is most valuable to the family: the health of the little ones. All of this is provided in a recently refurbished, bright, accessible hospital building organised to facilitate children's stay at any stage of life, from newborns to adolescents. With an obstetrics unit focusing on the well-being of both mother and child, paediatric wards with a special identity and bright and cheerful private rooms. With an A&E department decorated in a child-friendly manner and prepared to make children's stays more pleasant, reducing waiting times as far as possible.
To achieve excellent paediatric care, the department adapts to all the new features and most modern technological advances (laparoscopic surgery, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, use of inhaled nitrous oxide, hypothermia for the prevention of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, heart surgery under extracorporeal circulation, robotic neurosurgery, neurological monitoring of critical patients (brain oxygen saturation, continuous monitoring of brain , near infrared spectroscopy, brain ultrasound with colour Doppler, brain MRI with diffusion, high-resolution multi-slice CAT, continuous measurement of intracranial pressure, etc.)). All within a hospital in which all the professionals have worked tly to achieve a very prestigious accreditation in Care quality from the Joint Commission International, of which we are all very proud.
A very comprehensive portfolio of services from the preventive aspect (control of healthy children) to the most specialist services, all managed by the same paediatric team in the La Zarzuela campus.
The Hospital La Zarzuela offers comprehensive care to children, from the pregnancy period with a team specialising in perinatal care (direct obstetrician/neonatologist relation in high-risk pregnancies, early detection of foetal alterations with ultrasound and other screening methods, birth care, maternal breastfeeding and normal care of newborn talks).[texto/]
Maternal-Child Health Plan, with many years of experience in the monitoring of children from the newborn period up to 14 years.
The centre itself and the Milenium centres of the La Zarzuela campus (Las Rozas, Alcorcón) offer monitoring of healthy children in successive controls during paediatric age from a preventive approach (regular vaccinations according to the vaccination schedule of the Community of Madrid, screening for hearing and sight disorders, early detection of basic congenital disorders by means of head, abdominal and hip ultrasound) and in general paediatric control of childhood diseases.
If necessary, support is provided by all the paediatric sub-specialists, with outpatient consultations and referrals within the hospital.
1. PAEDIATRIC ALLERGOLOGY:
Objectives: management of children with food allergies, drugs, environmental agents (pollen, animal epithelia, dust mites, fungi), allergic contact dermatitis, atopies or immunity alterations.
Diagnostic techniques:
2. PAEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY:
Objectives: diagnosis and treatment of endocrine diseases in paediatric patients. Diabetes mellitus, metabolism disorders, endocrine disorders due to hypophysis, gonadal, thyroid or adrenal pathology, and phospho-calcium metabolism disorders due to parathyroid disease. Obesity, pathological small or large stature, pubertal development disorders. In coordination with neuropaediatrics, specific control of the evolution of weight and height of patients diagnosed with ADHD who are receiving treatment for this disorder.
Techniques: basal and al tests for the diagnosis of all the diseases described, education and care for patients with diabetes, brain MRI for hypothalamus-hypophysis pathology.
3. PAEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY:
Objectives: monitoring of asthma, bronchitis, chronic wheezing, chronic respiratory diseases, bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature babies, lung and airway congenital malformations, cystic fibrosis.
Techniques: basal spirometry, bronchodilation test, education for the management of holding chambers, aerosol therapy.
Advances: Use of exhaled nitrous oxide to monitor the treatment of asthmatic patients.
4. PAEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY:
Objectives: postpartum management of pyelic ectasias, diagnosis of nephropathies, study and treatment of arterial hypertension, repeated urinary infections, al consequences of surgical problems.
Techniques: Retrograde urethrogram, kidney Doppler ultrasound, arteriographies, intravenous urography, kidney biopsy, urodynamic studies, al tests, abdominal and pelvic CT and MRI.
Advances: Outpatient blood pressure monitoring.
5. NEUROPAEDIATRICS:
Objectives: management of headaches, epilepsy, delayed psychomotor development, neurological monitoring of children born extremely premature, neuromuscular disorders, ataxias and vertigo. Highly specialised unit in diagnosis and treatment of patients with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in coordination with paediatric endocrinology for control of the evolution of weight and height of treated patients.
Techniques: electroencephalogram, CT, MRI, diffusion magnetic resonance, transfontanelar brain ultrasound, brain Doppler, genetics advice in syndromic disorders, neurophysiological study. Sleep records, apnoea detection, genetic study of neurological disorders.
6. PAEDIATRIC NUTRITION AND GASTROENTEROLOGY:
Objectives: study of malnourished patients, cystic fibrosis of the pancreas, coeliac disease, chronic diarrhoea, anorexia non-nervosa, gastroesophageal reflux, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, liver pathology. Support in the nutrition of patients with chronic diseases (children born extremely premature, heart disease, neuropathies, etc.).
Techniques: 24-hour pH metry for gastroesophageal reflux, upper and lower digestive endoscopy, hydrogen breath test, continuous enteral feeding in hospital and at home, gastrostomy tubes.
7. PAEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGY:
Objectives: the management of all children with arthralgia, back pain and coxalgia with no traumatic injury and progressive deterioration; the diagnosis and monitoring of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in its various manifestations; management of direct and reactive infectious t pathology; diagnosis and monitoring of children suffering from autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus, neonatal lupus, paediatric scleroderma, Sjögren's syndrome, juvenile dermatomyositis; monitoring of Henoch–Schönlein purpura; diagnosis and monitoring of children suffering from periodic fever syndromes.
Techniques: immunological study (antibodies, histocompatibility antigens, etc.), therapeutic intraarticular injections, arthrocentesis for synovial fluid study. Articular ultrasound.
8. NEONATOLOGY CONSULTATION:
Objectives: newborn, multidisciplinary control, particularly to meet the needs of children born extremely premature and ill newborns. In the consultation, the neonatalogist is the core doctor who coordinates all the specialists responsible for monitoring newborns with multidisciplinary pathology (cardiologist, pulmonologist, nutritionist, neurologist, psychologist, etc.)
9. PAEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY. PAEDIATRIC CARDIAC SURGERY:
Objectives: high specialisation in congenital heart disease, both in perinatal diagnosis and in subsequent medical or surgical management. Cardiologist on call 24 hours a day. Study of innocent heart murmurs, arrhythmias, control of coronary artery diseases in paediatric patients, chronic heart disease, valvular heart disease, embolisations, interventional catheterisation. Work in coordination with Paediatrics, Paediatric Cardiac Surgery and Anaesthesia, as well as with adult Cardiology for heart diseases that it.
Diagnostic techniques: Transthoracic Doppler colour 2D echocardiogram, foetal Doppler echocardiogram, transoesophageal echocardiogram, electrophysiological arrhythmia study, diagnostic and interventional cardiac catheterisation, treadmill stress test, ECG and blood pressure Holter, multi-slice CT, electrophysiology laboratory.
10. PAEDIATRIC SURGERY - UROLOGY:
Objectives: diagnosis of diseases susceptible to surgical treatment and specialist surgery of the processes affecting the oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, small and large intestines, anorectal area, liver and gallbladder, pancreas, abdominal wall, genitourinary area, thorax and breast, larynx and trachea, mediastinum. Diaphragmatic pathology: Abdominal and thoracic trauma, congenital foregut, lung o intestinal malformations. Abdominal, thoracic and gonadal masses and tumours. Post-operative control in coordination with paediatrics.
Techniques: top-level diagnostic and surgical techniques. Rigid and flexible oesophagogastrocopy and tracheal bronchoscopy, laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, thoracocentesis, thoracostomy. Vascular accesses, tumour biopsy, fine-needle aspiration, bone-marrow biopsy.
11. PAEDIATRIC HAEMATOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY
12. PSYCHIATRY CONSULTATION CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH PSYCHOLOGY:
Objectives: assessment, diagnosis and treatment of the different psychological disorders and alterations in the development of children and adolescents. Guidance to parents and carers. Intervention in coordination with the school context of the patient.
Specific areas of intervention:
13. PAEDIATRIC NURSING CONSULTATION:
Objectives: in coordination with paediatricians and paediatric specialists, nurses perform general specific nursing techniques, with special dedication in the management of patients with chronic and long-term illnesses.
Specific techniques:
Objectives: diagnosis of diseases susceptible to treatment with plastic and reconstructive surgery on all levels: labial notch and cleft palate, craniofacial syndromes, orthognathic surgery and paediatric orthodontics, pinna or eyelid malformations, congenital genitourinary, thoracic wall and hand malformations, vascular anomalies, treatment of burns and skin moles, facial fractures, cervical masses and tumours, rhinoplasty or facial paralysis. Post-operative control in coordination with paediatrics.
Techniques: Fibre-optic bronchoscopy, BERA, tone audiometry, play audiometry in the Paediatric Audiology Office.
Specific techniques:
The area of the hospital chosen for the Paediatrics department is built and structured in accordance with the rights and needs of children.
Obstetrics area close to Paediatrics area.
This permits the fast transfer of newborns who admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. With the new structural organisation, we have the operating theatres, labour rooms, Neonatology and Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care on the same floor.
Mother-child admission.
Following the “rooming in” model, we will attempt to promote early mother-child contact straight after birth. Additionally, we will avoid separating mother and child in the individual obstetrics room, which will be set up to perform all the techniques and tests that the newborn s (hell-prick tests, universal hearing screening, neonatal clinical examination, washing and hygiene of the newborn). The only reasons for separating the mother from the child will be medical criteria, assessing the possibility of checking the child on the ward and only if necessary, admitting it to Neonatology. A nurse is assigned to the "healthy newborn", other than the obstetrics nurse, who provides care for the newborn and is highly specialised in maternal breastfeeding in order to support the breastfeeding mother.
Paediatric inpatients. Paediatrics focused on the family.
Located on floor 4, with specific nursing. Private rooms. Children's play area.
Accredited by the Ministry of Health for training of resident medical interns in paediatrics and specific areas (1 resident per year in Sanitas Hospitals since 2010).
Nador Green Corridor Project: Trips of healthcare staff to the Hospital Hassani de Nador, Morocco. In collaboration with the Fundación Adelfias. In situ training of staff in paediatrics and neonatology. Paediatrics and paediatric cardiology consultations for ion of patients to bring to and operate on in our hospital. Cardiovascular surgery and interventional catheterisation of patients in Morocco.
Paediatricians are trained to recognise the importance of collaboration between the patients, their families and the healthcare professionals; to understand the importance of different cultures, traditions and languages of the family of which the patient is part with the help of the patient care services, in order to promote the dignity, comfort and autonomy of the patient.
In the paediatric ward, the 24-hour accompaniment of the child in a private room with a bed for the person staying with them is permitted and encouraged. In A&E, the presence of the family during all the techniques and procedures performed on patients is encouraged in order to avoid anxiety and fear of separation from their family.
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